NinetynineCAT 2025 Slot 1 VARC Q7 Para Summary
Question 7 of the Verbal Ability & Reading Comprehension (VARC) section, CAT 2025 Slot 1, with CAT's official answer and a worked solution.
The passage given below is followed by four summaries. Choose the option that best captures the essence of the passage.
Zombie cells may contribute to age-related chronic inflammation: this finding could help scientists understand more about the aging process and why the immune system becomes less effective as we get older. Zombie or "senescent" cells are damaged cells that can no longer divide and grow like normal cells. Scientists think that these cells can contribute to chronic health problems when they accumulate in the body. In younger people, the immune system is more effective at clearing senescent cells from the body through a process called apoptosis, but as we age this process becomes less efficient. As a result, there is an accumulation of senescent cells in different organs in the body, either through increased production or reduced clearance by the immune system. The zombie cells continue to use energy though they do not divide, and often secrete chemicals that cause inflammation, which if persistent for longer periods of time can damage healthy cells leading to chronic diseases.
Zombie cells may contribute to age-related chronic inflammation: this finding could help scientists understand more about the aging process and why the immune system becomes less effective as we get older. Zombie or "senescent" cells are damaged cells that can no longer divide and grow like normal cells. Scientists think that these cells can contribute to chronic health problems when they accumulate in the body. In younger people, the immune system is more effective at clearing senescent cells from the body through a process called apoptosis, but as we age this process becomes less efficient. As a result, there is an accumulation of senescent cells in different organs in the body, either through increased production or reduced clearance by the immune system. The zombie cells continue to use energy though they do not divide, and often secrete chemicals that cause inflammation, which if persistent for longer periods of time can damage healthy cells leading to chronic diseases.
- AAging leads to less effective apoptosis, and therefore zombie cells start to accumulate in the body, causing inflammation, which accelerates aging and leads to chronic diseases.
- BA younger person's immune system is healthy and is able to clear the damaged cells, but as people age, the zombie cells resist apoptosis, and start accumulating in the body.
- CSenescent "zombie" cells are inactive or malfunctioning cells that can be found throughout the body.
- DDead cells accelerate chronic inflammation weakening the immune system and lead to aging.
Answer: (A) Aging leads to less effective apoptosis, and therefore zombie cells start to accumulate in the body, causing inflammation, which accelerates aging and leads to chronic diseases. Para Summary MCQ
Solution
- Core chain: with age, immune clearance (apoptosis) becomes less efficient, so senescent cells accumulate, and they secrete inflammatory chemicals that over time damage healthy cells and cause chronic disease.
- A captures this causal chain from ageing to accumulation to inflammation to chronic disease.
- B says the cells 'resist' apoptosis (the passage blames weaker clearance) and omits inflammation. C is a mere definition, and D wrongly calls them 'dead' cells.