CAT 2018 Slot 2 VARC RC Passage 6 Q29–Q31

A reading comprehension passage from the Verbal Ability & Reading Comprehension (VARC) section of CAT 2018 Slot 2, with 3 questions (RC · Society, History & Politics). Answers are CAT's official key.

The passage

The passage given below is followed by four alternate summaries. Choose the option that best captures the author's position

Question 29

The early optimism about sport's deterrent effects on delinquency was premature as researchers failed to find any consistent relationships between sports participation and deviance. As the initial studies were based upon cross-sectional data and the effects captured -were short-term, it was problematic to test and verify the temporal sequencing of events suggested by the deterrence theory. The correlation bet-ween sport and delinquency could not be disentangled from class and cultural variables known. Choosing individuals to play sports in the first place was problematic, which became more acute in the subsequent decades as researchers began to document Just how closely sports participation was linked to social class indicators.
  1. A
    There is a direct relationship between sport participation and delinquency but it needs more empirical evidence.
  2. B
    Contradicting the previous optimism, latter researchers have proved that there is no consistent relationship between sports participation and deviance.
  3. C
    Statistical and empirical weaknesses stand in the way of inferring any relationship between sports participation and deviance.
  4. D
    Sports participation is linked to class and cultural variables such as education, income, and social capital.

Answer: (C) Statistical and empirical weaknesses stand in the way of inferring any relationship between sports participation and deviance. RC · Society, History & Politics MCQ

A worked solution for this question is being written. Meanwhile, practise it in a timed mock and see how other aspirants did.

Question 30

Should the moral obligation to rescue and aid persons in grave peril, felt by a few, be enforced by the criminal law? Should we follow the lead of a number of European countries and enact bad Samaritan laws? Proponents of bad Samaritan laws must overcome at least three different sorts of obstacles. First, they must show the laws are morally legitimate in principle, that is, that the duty to aid others is a proper candidate for legal enforcement. Second, they must show that this duty to aid can be defined in a way that can be fairly enforced by the courts. Third, they must show that the benefits of the laws are worth their problems, risks and costs.
  1. A
    Everyone agrees that people ought to aid others, the only debate is whether to have a law on it.
  2. B
    A number of European countries that have successfully enacted bad Samaritan laws may serve as model statutes.
  3. C
    Bad Samaritan laws may be desirable but they need to be tested for legal soundness.
  4. D
    If bad Samaritan laws are found to be legally sound and enforceable they must be enacted.

Answer: (C) Bad Samaritan laws may be desirable but they need to be tested for legal soundness. RC · Society, History & Politics MCQ

A worked solution for this question is being written. Meanwhile, practise it in a timed mock and see how other aspirants did.

Question 31

A Japanese government panel announced that it recommends regulating only genetically modified organisms that have had foreign genes permanently introduced into their genomes and not those whose endogenous genes have been edited. The only stipulation is that researchers and businesses will have to register their modifications to plants or animals with the government, with the exception of microbes cultured in contained environments. Reactions to the decision are mixed. While lauding the potential benefits of genome editing, an editorial opposes across-the-board permission. Unforeseen risks in gene editing cannot be ruled out. All genetically modified products must go through the same safety and labeling processes regardless of method.
  1. A
    A government panel in Japan says transgenic modification and genome editing are not the same.
  2. B
    Creating categories within genetically modified products in terms of transgenic modification and genome editing advances science but defies laws.
  3. C
    Exempting from regulations the editing of endogenous genes is not desirable as this procedure might be risk-prone.
  4. D
    Excepting microbes cultured in contained environments from the regulations of genome editing is premature.

Answer: (C) Exempting from regulations the editing of endogenous genes is not desirable as this procedure might be risk-prone. RC · Society, History & Politics MCQ

A worked solution for this question is being written. Meanwhile, practise it in a timed mock and see how other aspirants did.

More RC · Society, History & Politics questions from CAT

All 179 RC · Society, History & Politics questions asked since 2017.